The methodology to classify these patterns consisted of drainage pattern models, hierarchical and relational models, attribute extraction, and classification strategies. It happens in areas where there has been much geological disruption, such as earthquakes and mountains forming. Hierarchy of the rosgen stream classification level i. Stream corridor structure watershed academy web us epa. A drainage basin is all the land that supplies a river and its tributaries with water. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Patterns of water all water will eventually drain to another water source. The drainage pattern of an area is the outcome of the geological time period, nature and structure of rocks, topography, slope, amount of water flowing and the periodicity of the flow.
They are governed by the topography of the land, whether a particular region is dominated by hard or soft rocks, and the gradient of the land. Pdf automatic drainage pattern recognition in river networks. Radial drainage patterns develop surrounding areas of high topography where elevation drops from a central high area to surrounding low areas. Quantitative description and classification of drainage. The larger rivers flow generally northnorthwest, with drainage patterns that are largely determined by geological structure. What is drainage pattern and different types of drainage. Dendritic drainage patterns resemble a branching tree. Geography detailed contents list geography pdf sample file 3 mb geography print friendly pdf sample file 3 mb geography related current affairs may 2019 500 kb geography. Aug 26, 2012 drainage patterns reflect topography and the surface rock and faulting patterns present in a landscape. The area from which the water flows to form a stream is known as its drainage basin. The results of several indices need to be combined with the other geological information to classify the areas as being very active. A dendritic drainage pattern is the most common form and looks like the branching pattern of tree roots. Drainage patterns or nets are classified on the basis of their form and texture.
Check the complete notes of drainage system in india below. Drainage system in geomorphology the study of the earths processes, a drainage system is the. Pdf principles of drainage basin analysis from multisource data. All of the precipitation rain or snow that falls within a drainage basin eventually flows into its stream, unless some of that water is able to cross into an adjacent drainage basin via. A dendritic drainage pattern is the most common pattern. If you could look down on a river from above, you would. Phsc 210 week 5 mastering geology assignments assignment. Drainage patterns over time, a stream system achieves a particular drainage pattern to its network of stream channels and tributaries as determined by local geologic factors. The flow of water through welldefined channels is known as drainage and the network of such channels is called a drainage system. In geomorphology, a drainage system is the pattern formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. Phsc 210 week 5 mastering geology assignments 8mastering geology assignments 8item 1part awhich of the following is the primary step that allows water to ent. Classifying stream drainage patterns in the diagram below, there are examples of five different landscapes.
The significance of drainage patterns in determining regional geologic history has been known for over a century. A numerical aproach to the analysis and classification of channel network patterns. Drainage patterns definition of drainage patterns by the. Drainage patterns generally are subdivided into basic and modified basic. Rectangular drainage patterns develop where linear zones of weakness, such as joints or faults cause the streams to cut down along the weak areas in the rock. Road density is known to play a dominant role in humaninduced augmentation of sediment supply by erosion and mass wasting in upland forested land. Lab7lecture206qu17 2 lab 7 concepts basic concepts and. Drainage patterns are classified on the basis of their form and texture. Annular drainage is a pattern of concentric circles that are connected by short radial stream segments. Pdf a study of variables characterizing drainage patterns in river. The sequential arrangement pattern of the tributaries of a river is called its drainage pattern. On most of the area a dendritic to trellis drainage pattern has developed figure 1. Based on the shape and formation of river patters, there are different drainage patterns. Read on to learn some common types of drainage patterns, such as.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The delineated networks were assigned to one of three morphologic classesdendritic, parallel or rectangularusing a quantitative terrestrial drainage pattern classification algorithm modified. A drainage basin is the topographic region from which a stream. The results indicated that a digital computer can assist human interpretation of. Drainage patterns are formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. The number, size, and shape of the drainage basins found in an area vary and the larger the topographic map, the more information on the drainage basin is available. Stream drainage patterns start by reading the first page of these notes. Classifying numbers mystery patterns teacher worksheets. Drainage patterns synonyms, drainage patterns pronunciation, drainage patterns translation, english dictionary definition of drainage patterns.
A drainage system is described as accordant if its pattern correlates to the structure and relief of the landscape over which it flows. In another as basic drainage patterns or even as modified classification. Concepts basic concepts and definitions types of work performed by streams alluvium base level watershedsdrainage basins drainage divides drainage patterns classifying stream order categories of rivers straight channel, braided stream, meandering stream stream information calculating discharge flood recurrence realworld example. There are several bases for classifying drainage systems of india. Stream drainage patterns start by reading the first. Drainage patterns are constrained by the underlying terrain morphology and describe the organization of tributaries along a. Their shape or pattern develops in response to the local topography and subsurface geology. The position of the streams did not significantly change between 1987 and 1992. Check the link to download drainage system in india pdf drainage system in india pdf. Stream drainage patterns the pattern that the streams in a river system form on earth s surface is influenced by the bedrock beneath. A drainage basin is the topographic region from which a stream receives runoff, through flow, and groundwater flow. Drainage pattern refers to the particular plan or design which the individual stream courses collectively form.
If you could look down on a river from above, you would see. In geomorphology, drainage systems, also known as river systems, are the patterns formed by. Drainage patterns are controlled by following factors. The specific objectives of this stream classification system are as follows. According to the configuration of the channels, drainage systems can fall into one of several categories known as drainage patterns. A basic pattern is one whose gross characteristics readily distinguish it from. Owing to local topography and subsurface geology, a drainage system achieves a.
Drainage system an excessively wet land area with a network of channels, drains, and hydraulic engineering and other structures that. Dendritic patterns are the most common type of stream drainage, and typically form where streams flow over materials that are uniform in their resistance to erosion. The indian drainage is divided into two major drainage systems on the basis of orientation to the sea. Eight patterns types were quantitatively described and classified. Pdf a numerical aproach to the analysis and classification. Some of the common river drainage pattern include dendritic river pattern, trellised river pattern, radial river pattern and centripetal river pattern. Jan 05, 2015 drainage pattern part 37 by ss ojha sir geography lecture for ias pcs netjrf duration. Rao 1977 divided the indian rivers into following three categories depending upon the size of their catchment area. Part a classifying stream drainage patterns in the diagram below, there are examples of five different landscapes. Drainage patterns depend on the topography and geology of the land accordant drainage patterns. Part a classifying stream drainage patterns in the. Numerous analyses of the spatial arrangements of streams in drainage basins have shown that stream networks conform to a small number of stream patterns. Combinations of these geologic controls lead to the formation of identifiable patterns.
Geologists have identified different types of drainage patterns. Drainage patterns we have defined drainage pattern and discussed both the dendritic drainage pattern and the trellis drainage pattern. A drainage pattern is described as discordant if it does not correlate to the topology surface relief features and geology geological features based on both endogenetic movements and exogenetic movements of the area. Lab7lecture206qu17 2 lab 7 concepts basic concepts and definitions watershedsdrainage basins drainage divides drainage patterns classifying. A drainage basin is the topographic area from which a stream collects runoff, throughflow, and groundwater flow. Geography detailed contents list geography pdf sample file 3 mb geography print friendly pdf sample file 3 mb geography related current affairs may 2019 500 kb geography related. A drainage pattern is layout that a river and its tributaries, or set of rivers, make on the earths surface. The most common stream pattern is a dendritic drainage. Basic drainage patterns use an arrow to show direction of surface water. The drainage patterns are divided into the following ten types. Drainage density and drainage patterns each organized system of stream tributaries exhibits spatial characteristics that provide important information about the nature of the drainage basin. Geography notes pdf for upsc ias civil services exam environment notes for upsc ias gs1, gs3 books for upsc ias civil services examination books for geography optional upsc ias cse geography pdf sample files.
Trellis drainage the game ends when you get all 4 questions correct, or when you give up. Drainage pattern is the pattern formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. The number, size, and shape of the drainage basins found in an area varies and the larger the topographic map, the more information on the drainage basin is available. Drainage pattern shailesh chaure 31032015 1 drainage pattern drainage pattern refers to the particular plan or design which the individual stream courses collectively form. Drainage patterns article about drainage patterns by the.
Drainage patterns are determined by regional geology and reflect control by structures, regional slope, and bedrock erosional characteristics. Drainage channels develop where surface runoff is enhanced and earth mater. Stream ordering a method of classifying, or ordering, the hierarchy of natural channels within a watershed was developed by horton 1945. Nov 24, 2015 drainage patterns are formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. Level i categorize stream types into letters a g based on their geomorphic characteristics that result from the integration of basin relief, land form, and valley morphology.
Drainage patterns are primarily controlled by the overall topography and underlying geologic structure of the watershed. Distinctive patterns are acquired by stream networks in consequence of adjustment to geologic structure. The citys mscp and biology guidelines are based on vegetation. For each landscape, determine whether you have enough information to tell what type of stream drainage pattern would develop on it. For the most common drainage patterns in our titan data, we explored and. Some of the worksheets displayed are number patterns 10 18 26 34 42, sets of numbers in the real number system, name score classification, classifying real numbers work, sets of real numbers date period, sorting classifying and patterning critical to, 81 fresh fun critical. Lab7lecture206qu17 2 lab 7 concepts basic concepts. The main rivers follow units of readily eroded shales and clays, while the relatively short tributaries flow. Drainage patterns free zimsec revision notes and past exam. The main types of drainage systems are briefly described below. The rosgen stream classification is a system for natural rivers in which morphological arrangements of stream characteristics are organized into relatively homogeneous stream types.
Therefore, both topography and geologic structure influence. Three 3 factors that influence the development of drainage pattern are. Ijgi free fulltext evaluation of river network generalization. The drainage pattern of an area is the result of the geological time period, nature, and structure of rocks, topography, slope, etc. Drainage network type and substrate composition in mobile river channels.
Classifications which attempt to combine descriptive and genetic aspects of types of. What is drainage pattern and different types of drainage pattern. A watershed represents all of the stream tributaries that flow to some location along the stream channel. Showing top 8 worksheets in the category classifying numbers mystery patterns. In geomorphology, drainage systems, also known as river systems, are the patterns formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. Radial drainage patterns develop surrounding areas of high. A deranged drainage system is a drainage system in drainage basins where there is no set pattern to the rivers and lakes. Other articles where drainage pattern is discussed.
Drainage patterns are generally classified according. Changing drainage patterns within south cascade glacier, 19641992 381 fig. Geomorphologists and hydrologists often view streams as being part of drainage basins. Drainage pattern part 37 by ss ojha sir geography lecture for ias pcs netjrf duration. Sep 08, 2016 drainage patterns or nets are classified on the basis of their form and texture. Stream drainage patterns start by reading the first page of.
Dendritic drainage pattern parallel drainage pattern. Drainage patterns reflect topography and the surface rock and faulting patterns present in a landscape. Dec 10, 2016 a drainage basin is the topographic region from which a stream receives runoff, through flow, and groundwater flow. In the early history of a network, and also when erosion is reactivated by earth movement or a fall in sea level, downcutting by trunk streams and extension of. The drainage pattern evolves over a long period of time and is affected by such factors as the underlying rock, the slope of the land, the existence or nonexistence of faultlines and tectonic movements. About 77 per cent of the drainage area of the country is oriented towards the bay of bengal. The shape of the pattern depends on rocks, soil, climate and the changes made to the river. Automatic drainage pattern recognition in river networks. In another as basic drainage patterns or even as modified classification, gagnon 1974 stress is placed on.
Dendritic streams flow downhill in the same general direction and they join to make larger streams. This is a widelyused method for classifying streams and rivers based on common patterns of channel morphology. Streams seek the lowest path as they move downhill, and they tend to erode their beds in places where the ground is weak. The pattern of tributaries within a drainage basin depends largely upon the type of underlying rock, and on structures within that rock such as folds, fractures, and. Radial drainage patterns develop where streams radiate outward from an isolated high area. Changing drainage patterns within south cascade glacier.
This presents several classes of drainage system described in the physical environment. The dendritic drainage pattern was a treelike trace of the streams on a map that resulted from uniform surface control of the development of stream channels. Drainage patterns free zimsec revision notes and past. Jan 19, 2016 based on the shape and formation of river patters, there are different drainage patterns. If so, associate the landscape with the correct name of its drainage pattern. Types of drainage patterns over time, a stream system achieves a particular drainage pattern to its network of stream channels and tributaries as determined by local geologic factors.
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